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The chestnut-breasted mannikin (''Lonchura castaneothorax'') also known as the chestnut-breasted munia or bully bird (in Australia), is a small brown-backed munia with a black face and greyish crown and nape. It has a broad ferruginous breast bar above a white belly. The species is found in Australia, New Caledonia, Indonesia, and Papua New Guinea. This species is also introduced to French Polynesia and France. ==Subspecies and location== The chestnut-breasted mannikin has a total of six subspecies and seven forms. The subspecies are as follows:〔 * ''L. c. castaneothorax'' – (Gould, 1837): nominate, occurs in eastern Australia. * ''L. c. assimilis'' – Mathews, 1910: occurs in northern Australia. Not recognized as a valid subspecies by some authorities.〔 Identification: Richer breast and cream ground color to belly and flanks. * ''L. c. ramsayi'' – Delacour, 1943: occurs in southeastern Papua New Guinea. Identification: Distinctive black head with faint scalloping. Female is more noticeable than the male. * ''L. c. boschmai'' – Junge, 1952: occurs in Lake Wissel area in Irian Jaya. Identification: Brown scallops on the flanks and paler to straw on the upper tail-coverts. * ''L. c. sharpii'' – (Madarász, 1894): occurs in Hollandia, Irian Jaya and Papua New Guinea. Identification: Pale grey on the head, and dull upper tail-coverts. * ''L. c. uropygialis'' – Stresemann & Paludan, 1934: occurs in Geelvink Bay in western Irian Jaya. Identification: Grey on the head not so pale, and note orange on the long upper tail-coverts. ''L. castaneothora'' occurs in Tahiti. Apparently, it is descended from ''L. c. castaneothorax''. They are distinguished today by having paler underparts and by the scalloping of the nape extended onto the mantle. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Chestnut-breasted mannikin」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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